Vigenčere cipher Description The Vigenčre square or Vigenčre table (Attached), also known as the tabula recta, can be used for encryption and decryption. The previous excercise (Caesar cipher), each letter of the alphabet is shifted along some number of places; for example, in a Caesar cipher of shift 3, A would become D, B would become E and so on. The Vigenčre cipher consists of using several Caesar ciphers in sequence with different shift values. To encipher, a table of alphabets can be used, termed a tabula recta, Vigenčre square, or Vigenčre table. It consists of the alphabet written out 26 times in different rows, each alphabet shifted cyclically to the left compared to the previous alphabet, corresponding to the 26 possible Caesar ciphers. At different points in the encryption process, the cipher uses a different alphabet from one of the rows. The alphabet used at each point depends on a repeating keyword. For example, suppose that the plaintext to be encrypted is: ATTACKATDAWN The person sending the message chooses a keyword and repeats it until it matches the length of the plaintext, for example, the keyword "LEMON": LEMONLEMONLE The first letter of the plaintext, A, is enciphered using the alphabet in row L, which is the first letter of the key. This is done by looking at the letter in row L and column A of the Vigenčre square, namely L. Similarly, for the second letter of the plaintext, the second letter of the key is used; the letter at row E and column T is X. The rest of the plaintext is enciphered in a similar fashion: Plaintext: ATTACKATDAWN Key: LEMONLEMONLE (LEMON) Ciphertext: LXFOPVEFRNHR Decryption is performed by finding the position of the ciphertext letter in a row of the table, and then taking the label of the column in which it appears as the plaintext. For example, in row L, the ciphertext L appears in column A, which taken as the first plaintext letter. The second letter is decrypted by looking up X in row E of the table; it appears in column T, which is taken as the plaintext letter. Normally the spaces in between words would be omitted, however I am a nice guy. Find the key, and procede to find Plaintext. 1) Ciphertext: YPU TOMVFD WIHEOESE 2) Ciphertext: PPVRXJBYKL 3) Ciphertext: SHFOPZKXRDLW 4) Ciphertext: QUCM RXL FVYUOXXE VU NRIJBEQ OPRITXEF CYE XFESVDSE 5) Ciphertext: IE MP A YRZVLJ XEIAJ XF LTZB WVWL TOFVXGR DRU TZ HFE YHEMIYK YEULRU EGIOLNVXZNR VBNBZR